Open access
Sep 2026
A resilient hybrid FSO/SMF ring network with carrier-less nodes for high-speed internet of underwater things
A key challenge in free space optics/underwater wireless optical communication (FSO/UWOC) hybrid systems is maintaining the adequate power budget and signal to noise ratio (SNR), which necessitates wavelength translation (WT) between visible and infrared spectra at the water-air interface, thus increasing both the co...
J. Mirza, S. Ghafoor, A. Atieh et al.
· Frontiers of Physics · 0 citations