Resveratrol-loaded human dental pulp stem cell-derived exosomes enhance the efficacy of blue LED-mediated antimicrobial photodynamic therapy against mature cariogenic biofilms
Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) is a promising adjunctive approach for biofilm-associated oral diseases, though the poor stability and bioavailability of natural photosensitizers remain limiting factors. This study evaluated the anti-biofilm efficacy of resveratrol-loaded human dental pulp stem cell-derived e...