Comparative evaluation of micropropagated and conventionally propagated thornless blackberry (Rubus spp.) cultivars: Agronomic performance, fruit biochemical quality, and functional food potential
Background: Blackberry (Rubus spp.) is a valuable functional food crop rich in phenolics, anthocyanins, flavonoids, vitamin C, and other bioactive compounds. Although micropropagation enables rapid production of uniform planting material, its effects on multi-year field performance and fruit biochemical quality remain...