Open access
Aug 2026
Multimodal Large Language Models vs. Medical Doctors in Degenerative Lumbar Spine Surgery: A Retrospective Decision Concordance Study of 147 Patients
Off-the-shelf multimodal LLMs approximate human performance for binary surgical indication but remain inferior for precise level localization, establish a practice-relevant baseline of spatial reasoning limitations for tools already used by patients and junior doctors.
M. Hamdan, A. Harati, A. Al-bakheet et al.
· medRxiv · 0 citations