Early Assessment of Circulating Tumor Cells and Their PD-L1 Expression as Predictive Biomarkers in Metastatic Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients Treated with Immunotherapy: An Exploratory Study
Introduction The prognosis of metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (mNSCLC) has improved in recent years but therapeutic benefit remains heterogeneous, underscoring the need for reliable biomarkers. Liquid biopsy techniques, including the analysis of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1)...