Review
Open access
Oct 2026
Microbiological mechanisms of immune response modulation: clinical implications
The human microbiota is a major regulator of immune development, mucosal barrier integrity, and systemic immune tone. Its effects are mediated by microbe-associated molecular patterns, pattern-recognition receptors, microbial metabolites such as short-chain fatty acids, tryptophan-derived indoles, secondary bile acids...
A. Deptuła, Aleksandra Ćwirko-Godycka, A. Majcherczak et al.
· Frontiers in Immunology · 0 citations