Mechanisms of Hepatic Insulin Resistance and Its Contribution to the Pathogenesis of Type 2 Diabetes
In hepatocytes, the main parenchymal liver cells, insulin binding to its receptor leads to activation of protein kinase B (AKT), which stimulates glycogen synthesis and lipogenesis but inhibits glucose production (glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis). Hepatic insulin resistance (HIR) is expected to increase glucose prod...