Serum HMGB1 and TLR4 Levels in Pediatric Drug-Resistant Epilepsy: Associations and Preliminary Discriminatory Performance
Purpose: Drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE) in children contributes substantially to morbidity and mortality. Neuroinflammation has been implicated in epilepsy pathogenesis, particularly in treatment resistance. High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) and Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) are key mediators of inflammatory signaling. HM...