The Modern Lobotomy: Closed-Loop Neuromodulation, Normalization by Algorithm, and the Disappearance of the Deviant Mind.
Closed-loop neuromodulation systems, particularly adaptive deep brain stimulation, mark a new phase in psychiatric intervention, extending from psychosurgery through pharmacological stabilization to automated algorithmic regulation. Drawing on Foucauldian genealogy and research on adaptive deep brain stimulation, this...