Use of bacterial preparations for bioremediation of polluted desert areas in the Turkestan Region
Abstract Soil contamination by oil and petroleum products represents a serious environmental problem that requires effective remediation methods. In recent years, bioremediation using specialized biological products has proven to be a promising, environmentally safe, and cost-effective approach to addressing this issue. Modern studies demonstrate the high efficiency of bioproducts containing specialized bacterial strains in degrading petroleum hydrocarbons. The most commonly used microorganisms include representatives of the genera Pseudomonas, Rhodococcus, and Bacillus, which are capable of metabolizing various components of oil. Research shows that bioproducts can reduce the concentration of petroleum hydrocarbons in soil by 70-90% within several months, even under harsh climatic conditions and at low temperatures. For example, a new bioproduct developed for the arid conditions of Kazakhstan demonstrated the ability to degrade 70% of crude oil in soil contaminated with 10% oil over six months of field trials.