Author

A. Subramanian

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Open access Oct 2026

Decadal Sea Level Variability Along the U.S. East Coast: Roles of Extratropical Versus Tropical Climate Modes Over the North Atlantic Ocean

Coastal decadal sea level anomalies (SLAs) in the U.S. east coast (USEC) play a critical role in modulating coastal flooding frequency, yet relative influences of tropical versus extratropical climate modes over the North Atlantic remain unresolved. By integrating observations, simulations from simplified dynamical mod...

Ying-Li Zhu, Wei-Qing Han, Jia-Ning Wang et al. · Geophysical Research Letters · 0 citations

#machine learning Preprint Oct 2026

ClimateBench v2.0: Probabilistic Climate Model Benchmarking

We present ClimateBench v2, a standardized protocol for evaluating climate models on diagnostics expected to be informative for their skill in projecting mid-century regional temperature and precipitation changes. The protocol is designed to evaluate any physics-based, data-driven, or hybrid climate model on equal foot...

Duncan Watson-Parris, W. Tobin, Aytaç Paçal et al. · 0 citations

Aug 2026

Salinity-Driven Barrier Layer Dynamics in the Equatorial Pacific

Barrier layers in the upper ocean suppress the upward entrainment of cold thermocline water, trapping heat and momentum near the surface and thereby influencing tropical air-sea interaction. However, the mechanisms governing their spatial and temporal variability are not fully understood. This study highlights the im...

Yuan-Jen Lin, A. Subramanian, K. Karnauskas et al. · Journal of Climate · 0 citations

Open access Aug 2026

Intensifying concurrent marine–atmospheric heatwaves in the marginal seas of the Arabian Peninsula: implications for coral bleaching and ocean productivity

Marine heatwaves (MHWs) and atmospheric heatwaves (AHWs) are intensifying under climate change, yet their concurrent occurrence can amplify thermal stress and pose greater risks to marine ecosystems than either event alone. This study investigates the spatiotemporal variability, physical drivers, and ecological impacts...

Waqar Ul Hassan, Md. Saquib Saharwardi, Harikishan Gandham et al. · Frontiers in Marine Science · 0 citations

Jul 2026

Generating a 1000-member Ensemble of Integrated Water Vapor Transport Forecasts with Diffusion

The diffusion ensemble, a form of generative artificial intelligence, is used to make ensemble forecasts consisting of 1000 members from single-member deterministic dynamical West-WRF forecasts over the North Pacific, which demonstrated utility in representing real outcomes of extreme destructive events with realistic...

Timothy B. Higgins, William E. Chapman, A. Subramanian et al. · Artificial Intelligence for... · 0 citations