Abdus Samad Faizi

Salivary Biomarkers for Early Detection of Oral Diseases: A Narrative Review of Diagnostic Technologies and Clinical Applications with a Su-Field Systems Analysis

Saliva has emerged as a promising non invasive diagnostic biofluid containing a diverse range of biological molecules, including cytokines, nucleic acids, enzymes, metabolites, extracellular vesicles, and microbial components that reflect physiological and pathological processes within the oral cavity. Owing to its eas...