Astaxanthin Supplementation and Antioxidant Modulation in Methamphetamine Dependence: A Potential SIRT1/PGC-1α Pathway Mechanism.
Background: Methamphetamine (METH) addiction remains a significant global health challenge, characterized by profound neurotoxicity and cognitive impairment. Emerging evidence suggests that the pathophysiology of METH dependence is closely linked to oxidative stress, where an imbalance between reactive oxygen species (...