Review
Open access
Oct 2026
MACS: mild by definition, challenging by nature
Mild autonomous cortisol secretion (MACS) is the most frequent form of cortisol excess in patients with adrenal incidentalomas. Although it lacks the classical phenotype of overt Cushing’s syndrome, MACS is increasingly recognized as a clinically relevant condition associated with multisystem complications rather than...
G. Bluszcz, Z. Roszkowska, J. Domański et al.
· Frontiers in Endocrinology · 0 citations