Effects of neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) in patients undergoing haemodialysis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
BACKGROUND Neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) uses surface electrodes to deliver electrical impulses that stimulate motor nerves causing muscle contractions. A potential use of NMES is for intradialytic rehabilitation strategy for patients undergoing maintenance haemodialysis (HD), but its effectiveness remain...