Alam Rahmatulloh

Evaluating Multilingual Sentence Embeddings for Indonesian Open-Domain Passage Retrieval

Indonesian search systems rarely have labeled data for fine-tuning dense retrievers, yet it is unclear which ready-to-use multilingual encoders can beat a properly configured lexical baseline. This study compares LaBSE, paraphrase-multilingual-mpnet-base-v2, and multilingual-e5-large, used without fine-tuning by the au...