Between data and governance: unveiling themes and collaboration in digital government literature
Digital transformation has become a central driver of public administration modernization, as governments increasingly rely on digital technologies to improve public service delivery, administrative efficiency, transparency, and citizen-oriented governance. However, the rapid expansion of digital government research has generated a fragmented literature, dispersed across concepts such as e-government, digital transformation, public services, governance, innovation, and emerging technologies. This fragmentation limits the understanding of how the field is thematically structured and how scientific collaboration is organized across countries and institutions. Therefore, this paper maps the intellectual structure of digital government literature and identifies the dominant themes, emerging research directions, and collaboration patterns within this field. A bibliometric science-mapping analysis was conducted on 1,877 documents indexed in the Web of Science Core Collection, retrieved using the topic search terms "digital transformation" and "public services". The analysis was performed with VOSviewer and focused on keyword co-occurrence, country coauthorship, and organizational co-authorship networks. The findings show that digital transformation serves as the conceptual hub of the field, connecting traditional e-government research with newer themes in innovation, governance, artificial intelligence, big data, trust, adoption, performance, and post-pandemic public service resilience. The countrylevel network reveals broad but uneven international collaboration, while the organizational network remains more fragmented. The study contributes by integrating thematic and collaboration-based perspectives, showing that digital government research is expanding, interdisciplinary, and globally visible, but still institutionally fragmented and unevenly connected. These findings indicate the need for stronger institutional partnerships, interdisciplinary integration, and more coherent research networks in future digital government studies