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Andrew Zhao

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#artificial intelligence Preprint Aug 2026

SPADE: Self-Play in Adaptive Synthetic Executable Environments

SPADE (Self-Play in Adaptive Synthetic Executable Executable Environments), a self-play RL framework in which a single LLM plays two roles: an Environment Designer that writes complete, long-horizon training environments as executable code with an OpenAI Gym-style reset()/step() interface, and a Reasoning Agent that learns to act in them.

Bo Liu, Simon Yu, Yiding Jiang et al. · 1 citation