Open access
Aug 2026
Uncertainty-based market-clearing models: a comparative analysis based on the Dutch, French, and German systems
The deterministic day-ahead (DA) market does not accommodate the uncertainty from variable renewable energy sources (VRES), often leading to increased balancing costs. Alternatives based on stochastic programming (SP) and adaptive robust optimisation (ARO) have been proposed in the literature but have yet to be imple...
J. van der Loo, Lina Silva-Rodriguez, Anibal Sanjab et al.
· Energy Systems · 0 citations