Complex systems operations—such as emergency response, defence, and critical infrastructure management—require the simultaneous integration of stability, adaptability, and real-time decision-making under conditions of uncertainty. Traditional hierarchical models provide control but often lack responsiveness, whereas fu...
Pedro B. Água, Anacleto Correia, António Gonçalves et al.· AHFE International· 0 citations
The concept of Systems-of-Systems (SoS) has become increasingly important across domains such as engineering, defence, healthcare, and digital infrastructure, describing complex assemblies of independent systems that collectively deliver capabilities beyond individual components. However, the concept remains debated: a...
Pedro B. Água, A. Correia, António Gonçalves· AHFE International· 0 citations
Auditability in high-risk AI requires more than explanation narratives: reviewers must be able to retrieve and verify decision-bound evidence, including the decision record, model/configuration state, explanation artefact, and audit-log event. We propose a lightweight engineering pattern for auditready Explainable AI (...
António Gonçalves, J. Ameixa, A. Correia· 2026 6th International Confe...· 0 citations
Portugal is expanding its portfolio of recognized critical infrastructures from approximately 150 to more than 400 entities across twelve strategic sectors, reflecting increasing cross-sector interdependence and exposure to hybrid disruptions. Critical infrastructure governance is coordinated by the National Security O...
P. A. P. Costa, António Gonçalves, M. Marques· 2026 6th International Confe...· 0 citations
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