Contact toxicity of ethanolic Syzygium aromaticum flower-bud extract against adult Aedes and Culex mosquitoes as livestock disease vectors: a bottle bioassay
Mosquitoes are important vectors of pathogens, whose bites cause significant health and economic burdens. In the livestock sector, these pests significantly reduce animal productivity and transmit critical veterinary pathogens. Chemical-based repellents pose risks, making plant-derived alternatives like clove (Syzygium...