Economic Growth and Carbon Emissions in Croatia and Albania: Evidence from Annual and Medium-Term Decoupling Patterns
This study examines the relationship between economic growth and CO2 emissions in Croatia and Albania from 1995 to 2024, using the EU27 as a benchmark. The analysis combines carbon intensity trends, Mann–Kendall tests, Sen’s slope estimates, Tapio decoupling elasticities, and a supplementary LMDI decomposition. Contigu...