Audra Irlyssa Irwan

GEOTECHNICAL RISK ASSESSMENT OF SUBSURFACE CAVITIES IN LIMESTONE FORMATIONS USING 2D ELECTRICAL RESISTIVITY TOMOGRAPHY (ERT) FOR INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT IN KAMPAR, PERAK DARUL RIDZUAN, MALAYSIA

Subsurface cavities in limestone formations poses hazardous risks to infrastructure from sudden ground movement, subsidence, and structural failure. These cavities form mainly from natural dissolution of carbonate rocks. Traditional methods like borehole drilling are costly, limited in resolution, and require many bore...