Revisiting the Trade Openness–FDI Relationship in Nigeria: Asymmetric Evidence from an ARDL/NARDL Framework
Despite decades of trade liberalisation, Nigeria's record of attracting foreign direct investment (FDI) remains inconsistent and structurally fragile. This paper revisits the trade openness–FDI nexus in Nigeria over the period 1986–2022, drawing on annual time-series data from the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN), the...