Pathophysiological mechanisms, potential biomarkers, and therapeutic interventions in diabetic nephropathy
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a diabetic complication that leads to the progressive deterioration of kidney function. Oxidative stress and inflammation play crucial roles in the pathogenesis of DN. Oral hypoglycemic agents such as sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors, glucagon-like peptide 1 agonists, and dipeptid...