Startability and Warm-Up Performance of a Spark Ignition Engine Fueled with Ethanol–Gasoline Blends: An Experimental Study
Decarbonizing road transport requires fuels with low life-cycle carbon footprints and compatibility with existing Spark Ignition (SI) engines. Bioethanol is a promising candidate, but the cold-start and warm-up phases of ethanol-fueled engines, especially at high ethanol fractions, remain underexplored. This study anal...