B. Giarola

Proximal and distal endovascular embolization of a penetrating V3 vertebral artery transection with adjunctive surgical ligation: A case report

Background: Penetrating vertebral artery injuries are rare, accounting for <1% of trauma admissions, and complete transection of the V3 segment is exceptionally uncommon. The resulting limited evidence base and complex V3 anatomy make management challenging. This case describes a hybrid endovascular and surgical strate...