Open access
Aug 2026
AN ADAPTIVE INTEGRATIVE ELECTORAL GOVERNANCE FRAMEWORK FOR CIVIL SERVICE NEUTRALITY OVERSIGHT IN EMERGING DEMOCRACIES
Civil service neutrality is a fundamental prerequisite for democratic elections, yet its enforcement in emerging democracies remains constrained by bureaucratic politicization, institutional fragmentation, inconsistent regulation, limited digital integration, and weak inter-agency collaboration. This study develops an...
A. Nugraha, Nurliah Nurdin, Ismail Nurdin et al.
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