The study focused on evaluating 48 different tomato genotypes for 13 morphological traits to estimate the genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance at the Horticulture Research Centre of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel University of Agriculture and Technology in Meerut, following randomized complete block design with three replications during two consecutive Rabi seasons (October 2022 and April 2024). The results of analysis of variance revealed that for all quantitative features included for both the season, analysis of variance indicated highly significant variations among genotypes. The phenotypic and genotypic coefficient of variation ranged from 4.92% to 16.42% and 4.23%to12.93% respectively. Higher PCV compared to GCV observed for all traits revealed that the influence of environment on traits. High heritability estimates obtained for day to first fruit set, days to first fruit maturity, plant height, days to first fruit harvesting, days taken germination, number of fruits per plant, fruit yield(t/ha), fruit length, fruit yield (kg/plant), fruit yield (kg/plot), High Genetic Advance for number of primary branch, plant height, fruit length, days to first fruit set. High heritability coupled with High Genetic Advance Observed for day to first fruit set, plant height, days to first fruit set, fruit length. As yield is the most important dependent trait, day to first fruit set, plant height, days to first fruit set, fruit length can be selected as selection parameters for further crop improvement programs.
Drought is one of the major abiotic limitations to wheat production worldwide, and the impacts of drought are worsened due to climate change. Drought tolerance consists of many genes with complex physiological and molecular processes, along with strong interactions between genotypes and environments; therefore, traditional phenotypic selection has produced minimal improvement to date. In this review we summarize recently published work (2020-2025) on genomics-assisted methods used to develop drought tolerance in bread wheat (8; 2). QTL mapping and marker-assisted backcrossing has allowed for successful validation of drought-related loci and their transfer into elite lines (3; 7). In addition, the coupling of genome-wide association studies with high-throughput phenotyping and genomic selection have improved predictability of grain yield in water-limited environments (5; 11). Overall, transcription factors from the DREB, NAC, MYB, and WRKY families are still considered the primary regulatory targets, but CRISPR/Cas-based gene editing is now able to provide precise, multiplex gene modifications in polyploid wheat (1; 10). The combination of pan-omics (the study of all omes), gene editing, speed breeding, and predictive modelling provides a realistic approach to developing climate-resilient, high-yielding cultivars. However, the rates at which phenotyping can occur and the speed at which candidate loci can be functionally validated are still the rate-limiting steps on this path (4; 6).
Amit Kumar, Shivani, R. Chaudhary et al.· Progressive Agriculture· 0 citations