Global, regional, and 204 countries burden of disease attributed to secondhand smoke-related COPD, 1990–2021: A secondary data analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021
INTRODUCTION Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) imposes a significant economic burden on global public health systems. This secondary data analysis aims to estimate the disease burden of COPD attributable to secondhand smoke exposure from 1990 to 2021. METHODS Data on mortality, age-standardized mortality rat...