Open access
Oct 2026
Spatial Representation Effects on Ecosystem Service Trade-Offs, Bundles, and Associated Factors: Implications for Sustainable Land Management on the Loess Plateau, China
Reliable ecosystem service (ES) assessments are essential for sustainable land management and ecological restoration; yet, their implications for decision-making may vary with the spatial units used for analysis. This study examined how spatial representation influences ES relationships, ecosystem service bundles (ESBs...
Yang Zhao, Bo Wu, Jun Li et al.
· Sustainability · 0 citations