Extracellular Vesicles from Lactic Acid Bacteria: Emerging Postbiotic Effectors in Host-Microbe Crosstalk.
This article addresses extracellular vesicles derived from lactic acid bacteria (LAB-EVs), which have become fundamental mediators of host-microbe communication, yielding new insights about the molecular mechanisms underlying probiotic and postbiotic activity. The review integrates current evidence on the biogenesis, s...