Comparative Evaluation of Clinical and Cardiovascular Effects of Different Doses and Administration Routes of Ketamine–Medetomidine Combination in Rats/td>
This study aimed to evaluate the clinical and cardiopulmonary effects of different ketamine-medetomidine combinations administered via subcutaneous (SC) and intraperitoneal (IP) routes in rats and to contribute to the development of safe injectable anesthesia protocols. Forty-eight male rats (Rattus norvegicus) were ra...