Surface-engineered WE43 magnesium implants promote bone repair and reshape the peri-implant immune microenvironment.
Although the early inflammatory response to biomaterial implantation has been investigated, less is known about how degradation products shape the immune environment during later stages of regeneration. To address this, we analyzed immune responses to WE43 magnesium alloy implants (Mg-Y-Nd-Zr alloy) with distinct surfa...