Near-infrared spectroscopy for estimating mixed venous oxygen saturation and cardiac output during off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting: a prospective observational study.
To evaluate whether jugular venous NIRS (rSjvO₂) and baseline-calibrated cerebral NIRS (cal-rScO₂) can serve as surrogates for mixed venous oxygen saturation (SvO₂), and whether these inputs can support continuous cardiac output (CO) estimation during off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OPCAB). In this prospectiv...