Open access
Aug 2026
Vaccination-first immune priming shapes a sustained mRNA vaccine-induced IgG4 class switch that associates with SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infection risk
The results illustrate an IgG4-dominated immunological signature in both adults and children and highlight that immune priming by prior infection may shape subsequent mRNA vaccine-induced antibody responses.
T. Pongrácz, U. Marking, O. Bladh et al.
· Scientific Reports · 0 citations