Open access
Aug 2026
Combined PD-L1/CD8 immune phenotyping in breast cancer: exploratory associations across molecular subtypes and insights into possible exhaustion-related immune dysfunction
Background Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression and CD8+ tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) density are established biomarkers of tumor–immune interaction in breast cancer; however, the biological and prognostic significance of their combined assessment across molecular subtypes remains incompletely defined. T...
Burcu Sanal Yılmaz, Afife Uğuz, Sibel Acat et al.
· Frontiers in Medicine · 0 citations