A route to more efficient inference-time scaling is supported: PIHF-MCP develops reusable policies from a few examples that improve performance on unseen cases and across models.
Across cumulative ablations and ultra-rare-disease benchmarks, a PIHF-derived policy improved Recall@1 in one proprietary executor and three open-weight executors spanning 3 to 49 billion active parameters.
The findings suggest that engineering diagnostic AI as a safety-oriented reasoning framework, rather than optimizing raw predictive accuracy alone, can provide a safer, more transparent, and clinically meaningful layer of bedside decision support for acute care workflows.
F. Ma, Mauro Giuffrè, D. Wright et al.· 0 citations
Rare disease diagnosis depends on expert reasoning that is scarce and difficult to transfer; off-the-shelf large language models (LLMs) rank the correct disease first in only 35.4% of benchmark cases. Here we show that this expert reasoning can be converted into a scalable AI capability through a governed learning proc...
Minh-Ha Nguyen, Erica Gray, B. Schuler et al.· 0 citations
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