Reserve-informed cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic risk stratification for cardiometabolic multimorbidity progression in middle-aged and older adults: a multi-cohort study
Cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) assessment may not capture heterogeneity in vulnerability to cardiometabolic multimorbidity (CMM). We evaluated whether objective functional reserve could provide a complementary phenotyping layer. We analysed CHARLS as the development cohort, HRS VBS as the primary su...