Animal-derived extracellular vesicles and vesicle-like nanoparticles: linking natural bioactivity to precision therapeutics
Animal-derived extracellular vesicles (AEVs) and animal-derived vesicle-like nanoparticles (AVLNs) are emerging natural nanocarriers with diverse bioactive cargoes, potential biocompatibility, and capacity for cross-species molecular communication. This narrative review distinguishes naturally released AEVs from AVLNs...