Biotransformation of apple juice by water kefir grains: A synergistic enhancement of flavor complexity and health-promoting functions.
This study evaluated the biotransformation of apple juice by water kefir grains (WKG) to develop a functional beverage with enhanced sensory and metabolic regulatory properties. Flavor characterization using HS-GC-IMS and HS-SPME-GC-MS revealed that apple-based water kefir (WK-A) possessed a more complex volatile profi...