A cascade-release microsphere-engineered injectable hydrogel enables immune remodeling and sustained chondrogenesis for facial cartilage regeneration.
A temporally programmed immuno-chondrogenic hydrogel system that combines mesenchymal stem cells with cascade-release PLGA microspheres to build a pro-regenerative niche within facial cartilage defects offers a minimally invasive and translatable material strategy for structural facial cartilage regeneration.