This work formalizes four representative agent payment protocols: x402, MPP, ACP, and AP2 in Tamarin, and constructs source-grounded models that capture each protocol's roles, state, trust assumptions, and lifecycle transitions.
Ke Jiang, Mo-Han Yu, Yuan-Yi-Chun-Min-Chieh Chang et al.· 0 citations
This paper presents the first systematic security study of checkpoint and rollback in existing agent systems, and develops a multi-agent analysis pipeline that reconstructs execution semantics, identifies violations of the five failure conditions, and validates them through actual rollback.
Guan-Long Wu, Da-Hui Li, Ke Jiang et al.· 2 citations
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