Open access
Sep 2026
A plasmid-encoded T3SS underlies the virulence of enteropathogenic Providencia alcalifaciens strains isolated from a large foodborne outbreak in Japan
ABSTRACT Providencia alcalifaciens is a gut commensal bacterium and also an emerging enteric pathogen associated with sporadic infections and outbreak cases in humans. The most notable outbreak caused by this bacterium occurred in 1996 in Fukui Prefecture, Japan, affecting 270 individuals. However, the pathogenic mecha...
Jayedul Hassan, S. Matsuda, E. Ishii et al.
· Infection and Immunity · 0 citations