Hydrogen nanobubbles overcome metabolic bottlenecks and remodel transcriptional networks for high-rate methanogenesis in the anaerobic digestion of Paulownia leaf litter.
Volatile fatty acid (VFA) accumulation limits anaerobic digestion (AD) of lignocellulosic biomass by causing acidification and microbial metabolic imbalance. Paulownia leaf litter (PLL), an underutilized lignocellulosic residue with potential for renewable energy recovery, was selected as the substrate. This study eval...