Tailoring starch-alginate beads for efficient heavy metal removal: the role of dual covalent-ionic crosslinking and drying method.
Sustainable adsorbents derived from renewable feedstocks offer a promising route for heavy metal remediation in water. This study reports the synthesis of hybrid starch-alginate beads dual-crosslinked by citric acid (6-15 mg mL-1) and calcium ions through external gelation. A systematic evaluation was conducted to eluc...