Technical and Regulatory Evaluation of 1G-Ethanol Synthesis and Use in Marine Engines Under EU Fuel Policy Requirements
The European Commission’s decision to establish a 10% v/v volumetric ethanol cap in gasoline (E10) under Renewable Energy Directive II (RED II), further reinforced by the stricter sustainability criteria introduced in RED III, marks a critical turning point for the global ethanol industry. By 2023, worldwide ethanol pr...