Clostridioides difficile infection increases the need for using biologics in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases: a retrospective long-term study.
BACKGROUND Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), comprising Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, is characterized by chronic intestinal inflammation and may be complicated by gastrointestinal infections. Among these, Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) is relevant because of its association with worse outcomes and...