Open access
Aug 2026
Hierarchical Distributed Distortion Aware Beamforming with Dynamic User Association & BS Clustering for Cell-Free Massive-MIMO Systems
The simulation results reveal that the proposed HC-DA-UA framework always outperforms the existing counterparts in terms of sum-rate, whilst substantially decreasing the computational complexity and signalling overhead, thus it is an efficient and scalable solution for next-generation hardware-impaired distributed wireless communication networks.
P. Poojitha, Dr. D. Karunakar Reddy
· International Journal for Re... · 0 citations