ASSESSMENT OF THE EFFICACY OF CAUDAL BLOCK USING LIGNOCAINE WITH AND WITHOUT KETAMINE IN ADULT PATIENTS UNDERGOING
Background: Caudal epidural block is a commonly used regional anesthetic technique for anorectal surgeries because it provides effective intraoperative anesthesia and postoperative analgesia with minimal hemodynamic disturbances. Addition of adjuvants such as ketamine to local anesthetic agents may improve the quality...